How to Improve Airline Safety and Pilot Training Essay

On February 12, 2009, a Colgan Airlines flight operating as Continental Connection Flight 3407 crashed two miles from the runway in Buffalo, New York, killing all fifty people aboard.. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) investigation that followed stunned the American public and identified the need to closely examine the regulations governing pilot training and pilot rest requirements, with a strong focus on regional airlines (Berard, 2010, 2). Currently, the United States government has passed HR 5900, which was titled the Airline Safety and Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2010 and is now called Public Law 111-216 (Public Law 111-126, 2010, 3). The bill targets five focal points that will force the Federal†¦show more content†¦The reason that this came about was the captain of the Colgan accident flight in Buffalo, New York had failed five checkrides in his life time. This would not normally be a big deal, but he failed his checkrides because he was not satisfactory in icing procedures†¦one of the major causes of the accident according to the NTSB. Implementation of NTSB Flight Crewmember Training Recommendations The National Traffic Safety Board (NTSB) is an independent United States government investigative agency responsible for civil transportation accident investigation. The NTSB investigates all aviation accidents and incidents. On an annual basis, this bill requires that the FAA accepts all NTSB flight crewmember training recommendations that come up over the past year (Hughes, 2010). For example, the NTSB has requested that the FAA include flight in icing conditions into all flight training curriculums. FAA Rulemaking on Training Programs Prior to this bill, the FAA had no say in what airlines included in their training programs as long as the program included certain subjects. No later than fourteen months after the date the bill is signed into law, the FAA will issue a final rule on all training programs (House Transportation Subcommittee, 2010). This was brought into effect because Colgan Airlines did not include flight into icing conditions in their flightShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Aviation Administration ( Faa )890 Words   |  4 Pagesexpensive or long training but rewarding. On the occasion that employees work on, direct, attend on billion dollar aircrafts is rewarding. Furthermore, aviation professionals demand certain attributes as integrity, flexibility, aspired, motivated to improve, and so on. Lastly, I will talk about certain ethics in the workplace. Equally, important aviation professionals’ number one priority is safety comparable to other career fields. In reference to meteorologist, pilot, air traffic controllerRead MoreJetblue: Managing Growth1239 Words   |  5 Pagesthe cuts from each of the airlines’ two aircrafts was far from obvious. The contents of this case analysis will show how they managed to get to this point through the use of business strategy tools. Also I will give some recommendations on how to resolve the issue at hand. First, let’s take a look at the SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats). This strategic planning method should give us an overall understanding of all the aspects of JetBlue airlines. SWOT Analysis Strengths: Read MoreWhat If Airline Regulations Never Existed?1606 Words   |  7 PagesMany years before the Federal Aviation Act was created, the airline industry grew with little to no rules for safety. The skies filled with aircraft each year, always adding more numbers than the previous years. Imagine an aviation world where safety was never even thought of. How do we control and monitor all the aircraft in the skies to ensure they all reach their destinations safely. What if airline regulations never existed? Would aircraft just fly till parts literally fell off? Who would beRead MoreHuman Resource Industry Audit - Reflection Paper1325 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment. The commercial airline industry is an extremely competitive, safety-sensitive, high technology service industry (Appelbaum and Fewster, 2002). This industry is struggling to remain competitive and effective management of personnel plays a large role in its viability. People, employees, and customers must remain the center of the industry s core competence (Appelbaum and Fewster, 2002). The human resource audit focuses on the management of people in the airline industry. The purpose ofRead MoreRyanair Case Study1619 Words   |  7 Pages Ryanair, originally an Irish low-cost airline and established by the Ryan family in the year of 1984 starting off with only 25 members of staff. Replicating the American Southwest airline business model and then officially relaunched in the year 1990. It has vastly grown from being a single-aircraft family operation into one of the world’s top leading airlines. Now Ryanair has reached 11,458 employees. The airline carries over 131 million passengers per annum on over 2,000 flights daily, from 86Read MoreSeptember 11th And The World Of Aviation1415 Words   |  6 PagesMacy Oller Mr. Litz American Lit 09 December 2016 September 11th and the World of Aviation September 11, 2001 was a Tuesday and changed air transportation as we know it. This devastating day in history was when a total of four American Airlines airplanes were hijacked. Most collided with important United States buildings. The first two planes intentionally collided with each of the Twin Towers in New York. Shortly after, the third plane hit the Pentagon in Virginia. Amazingly, the passengers onRead MoreSouthwest Airlines Report982 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Southwest Airlines path towards earning the right to fly was a long and stressful process for everyone involved. However, the staffs ability to overcome all odds truly began the formation of Southwests distinct character, which makes the company so successful today. Founders Rollin King and Herb Kelleher who founded the company in 1967, among others were attacked by Texas airlines such as Braniff, and Continental, claiming the market was already saturated. After three years ofRead MoreAviation Safety And How Effective Crew Resource Management Training1513 Words   |  7 Pagescritical for companies to implement safety defences within their practices. Prioritising an effective safety culture within aviation depends on a combination of professional, national, organisational and just cultures (Hamilton, 2016). This essay gains insight into the potential positive and negative effects of these cultures in aviation safety and how effective Crew Resource Management training is, how it ha s systems have evolved and been implemented to optimise safety. The goal of this approach to cross-culturalRead MoreOrganizational Behavior of Malaysia Airline2352 Words   |  10 PagesMalaysia Airlines * Conscientiousness In an airline company, an employee’s self-disciplined determined how the company image would be. Being an employee in the airline company, timeliness served as the most important among others. Every single customer of the airline company would expect the flight to be taken off and reached the destination on time. Hence, the punctuality of the flight pilot and crews plays an important role in the airlines. It could be difficult to imagine how the airlineRead More The Inefficiency of Airline Security Essay3596 Words   |  15 Pagesstir up the most attention. Attributable to the criteria terrorists search for, airlines are a common target for terrorist activities. One of the most memorable terrorist attacks revealed sizable gaps in the safety of airlines. Although airline security has been significantly improved since the events of 9/11, the safety measures have gone overboard in the wrong areas, focusing on airport safety rather than airline safety, and need to be a meliorated to add efficiency back to aviation security as a

Gifted Hands Essay - 462 Words

Gifted Hands is an inspirational novel based around the life of Ben Carson, from his rugged upbringing in inner-city Detroit to his position as director of pediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins Hospital at age 33. The novel foregrounds Carson’s struggle to defy all odds - aided by his iron will, tremendous faith, respect, meekness and an unconditional devotion to God. Carson displayed great determination and dedication from a young age. He thrived to be ahead of his studies and went the extra mile for the well-being of his education. After I started pulling ahead in school, the desire to be smarter grew stronger and stronger. Carson focused more on being the best he could be rather than being top of the class. The desire to be smarter†¦show more content†¦Throughout the auto-biography Carson demonstrates an extraordinary amount of trust and faith in the Lord. A pristine example of Carson’s faith is portrayed before a major chemistry final. Although Carson was unprepared, he laid the situation before God and was able to miraculously score well in the exam. Carson lived a Christ-oriented life and the blessings were endless. His faithfulness demonstrated the power in living in such a way. Carson was no ordinary man. His intricate way of thinking was like no other. One of the most obvious and well-known achievement is his concept of incorporating lasers in neurosurgery to nullify complexities faced whilst operating. He knew there was an easier way and took the initiative to act upon his ideas. Comparing Carson’s accomplishments and initial circumstances serves as living proof that anyone can be an influential figure in our society. Carson’s radiant demeanor shone throughout the course of his life. His pleasant behavior and respect for others produced a very likable individual. Although there were countless incidents where Carson could bad-mouth white folk, he never resorted to racial prejudice and whole-heartedly believed in equality amongst everyone. The problem with many of the intellectually talented is the mentality they withhold which automatically grants them bragging rights. Carson on the other hand was a silent achiever, very humble about his successShow MoreRelatedThe Alchemist And Gifted Hands Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge is just as important. I believe that this quote can be applied to â€Å"Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story† by Ben Carson with Cecil Murphey and â€Å"The Alchemist† by Paulo Coelho, because in these books the author portrays the challenges and hardships the people faced which is their experience and the completion of their personal legend which could also be the character. In the autobiography/biography of â€Å"Gifted Hands: The Ben Carson Story† Ben Carson and Cecil Murphey talk about Ben Carson’sRead MoreGifted Hands Book Report1785 Words   |  8 PagesGifted Hands: a Benson Carson Story By: Julia Murtha While reading this enchanting book, I have realized that I should not let the little things in my life be taken for granted. Ben Carson had a rough child hood, but he was a good kid. As a child he wasn’t the brightest or the richest, but he was a well mannered child. He was teased a lot during his elementary school years, just because he was not the brightest student in his class. He was tired ofRead MoreThe Movie Gifted Hands By Ben Carson1154 Words   |  5 Pagesjust to get here and have the opportunity to succeed. The American Dream which seemingly exists only here in America, for an ambitious person to be able to be an outstanding success through his or her own hard work and determination. In the movie Gifted Hands, Ben Carson (Cuba Gooding Jr.) went from a being a poor troubled youth in inner city Detroit to becoming a famous and successful neurosurgeon supports and demonstrates that the American Dream is achievable through hard work, determination, andRead MoreEs say on The Power of Education in a Young Mens Life1086 Words   |  5 Pageslife young adults and adolescents tend to be faced with many challenges that alter the out come of their adult years by either benefiting or harming it. This is evident in â€Å"The Pact,† by Drs. Sampson Davis, George Jenkins, and Rameck Hunt, and â€Å"Gifted Hands: A Ben Carson Story,† by Ben Carson. These two books are similar in multiple aspects such as: the influences, and environment the characters are exposed to; the characters goals and struggles; and the purpose for writing the books and the lessonRead MoreThe Accomplishments Of Ben Carson1596 Words   |  7 Pagesgetting honors from Southwestern High School. He earned a full scholarship to Yale, receiving a B.A. degree in psychology in 1973. (Source 1) He enrolled in the School of Medicine at the University of Michigan and became a neurosurgeon. His good hand to eye coordination and three-dimensional reasoning made him a good ne urosurgeon to begin with. In 1975, he married Lacena Candy Rustin whom he met at Yale. Carson earned a medical degree and then moved to Baltimore with Lacena. Carson earned hisRead MoreThink Big: Unleashing Your Potential for Excellence800 Words   |  4 Pagesin God according to his last letter in the Think Big acronym. Works Cited Carson, Ben. Think Big: Unleashing Your Potential for Excellence. New York: Zondervan, 2009. Print. Bergman, Jerry. Benjamin Carson: The Pediatric Neurosurgeon with Gifted Hands. Acts Facts. 38.1(2009): 10.Print. Read MoreDr. Ben Carson As A Leader Of A Nation1638 Words   |  7 Pagesvery young man, but credits his many successes to his own abilities and God’s particular favor of him. Carson went so far as to exclaim in his own autobiography that, â€Å"For whatever reason, the God of the universe, the God who holds galaxies in His hands, had seen a reason to reach down to a campus room on Planet Earth and send a dream to a discouraged ghetto kid who wanted to become a doctor† (taleoftwocarsons), If Ben Carson were to read The Autobiography of Malcolm X, it could reconnect him withRead MoreThe Importance of Maintaining Gifted Programs: Schools Must Not Neglect Gifted Children1164 Words   |  5 Pages Many people are of the opinion that special education programs for gifted children are an unnecessary burden on tightly-budgeted and under-funded school systems, but this is actually far from the truth. The gifted are perhaps the most neglected group of special needs child ren in almost every school district. Because many people assume that the gifted do not need extra attention, gifted programs are often the first program to be cut when budgets are reduced, but I suggest that they be the lastRead MoreChildren Are Gifted And Talented1422 Words   |  6 Pagesnarrow in scope, and biased are just a few of the things that come up when psychologists, teachers and parents discuss how to determine if children are gifted and talented. In the United States, 6 to 10 percent of school age children are labeled â€Å"gifted† and are placed into classes that cater to their advanced abilities (National Association of Gifted Children, 2014). School age children, in some states, can be as young as four years old. A lot of the controversy starts right there: how can fourRead MoreIncorporate Technology And Teach Creativity To Gifted Students : Article Analysis1448 Words   |  6 PagesHow to Incorporate Technology in the Gifted Classroom to Differentiate an d Teach Creativity to Gifted Students The articles that I focused on all describe how to use a different type of technology to help differentiate for gifted students. All of the articles described the benefits of using technology in the classroom. Some of the common themes amongst all three articles were that technology can be used to help engage unmotivated learners, increased use of technology helps to teach problem solving

Langston Hughes Essay Example For Students

Langston Hughes Essay Langston Hughes, an inspirational, black poet, was first recognized as an important literary figure during the Harlem Renaissance in the 1920s. In fact, in many of his poems, he adds in Harlem to give meaning and experience to his writing. He was the first black writer in America that earned enough from his writing to support himself. Hughess The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain 1926, demonstrates his belief in the character and how they must overcome obstacles and climb the mountain to free themselves from inequality. Langston Hughes wrote poetry from the heart and chose as his themes unsolved conflicts from his real life experiences. First and foremost he was a Negro who could expound upon the sufferings of the people of his black culture yet do so with pride. He embraced the Negro culture and had distaste for those who tried to emulate the life of whites. His strong roots within the Harlem renaissance were reflected in his poetry. Hughes felt sorry for blacks who felt they had to try to write as white poets. Many of his poems reflected the struggle for African American freedom. He also showed empathy for the struggle of all races, and dismay regarding the failure of the American dream. He illustrated how similar all cultures are with the feeling that we are all bonded together as Americans. Music was an important part of his life and he incorporated the rhythm of jazz into many poems encouraging further appreciation of the poetry when set to music or read aloud. We will write a custom essay on Langston Hughes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I want to be a poet-not a Negro poet a young Negro poet said to Hughes. It is explained that black children normally grow up never being taught to see the beauty of their own people. They are told things like Dont be like niggers when they do something bad, and look how well a white man does things when things are not done as well as they should have been. If all their life they are taught how to be better, and by being better, subconsciously means to be white then how are they supposed to see the good in their own people? Many times they are taught to be ashamed of the qualities that are not white. Hughes writes about how these black children need to have pride in their race, and see the beauty in it. Living life as a Negro should not be measured against the life of a white person. A true American Negro Artist is one who can accept what beauty is their own without any question, contain individuality, and not be afraid to express himself. Hughes wants Negroes to ask themselves questi ons such as, Why should I want to be white? I am a Negro-and beautiful? (The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain). One should not be ashamed of his race and not be ashamed of what he accomplishes. Americans are free to choose what they do, but should never be afraid to do what they choose. Another one of Hughes aesthetics is to express Negro spirit meaning not to always try and be like the white people and more of having pride in ones own race. The mountain in the title is symbolic for overcoming a barrier that sets you back in the world and doesnt allow you to be yourself. If the black poet never overcomes that mountain then they are never going to be able to love themselves for who the truly are. In Hughess, Hold fast to Dreams the line life is a broken-winged bird is a metaphor saying that life has its flaws and it is never perfect. Bird has a strong connotation of freedom. Every American is different, but should be treated equally, so why not be yourself and have pride in the race that you were born into? The struggles of a black woman are outlined in the poem, Mother to Son. Stairs are a metaphor for the uphill battle of life. The mothers diction reflects her lack of education as does her informal dialogue about the hardships she endures, illustrated by tacks and splinters. Cause you find its kinder hard dont you fall now is saying that life is difficult but it is important to overcome the battles and forge ahead. It is important to not give up because you only have one life, and the life you are given is your own individual one, not to be influenced negatively by others. .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 , .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .postImageUrl , .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 , .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:hover , .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:visited , .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:active { border:0!important; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:active , .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9 .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u00dbf265523e037e23256ed37def06a9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Yukio Mishim The sailor who fell from grace with the sea EssayOne should embrace cultural influences. Hughes was inspired by rhythm and jazz. Jazz is musical expression of life. His poems, Dream Boogie, Same in Blues, and The Cat and The Saxophone contain a beat, a rhythm that can be set to music. For those who may not take the time to read poetry, the rhythm and beat of jazz may capture their attention. Jazz music was seared into the souls of blacks and its rhythm and excitement was contagious to whites. Many of his poems and songs emphasize, Harlem so that it is clear where he comes from. This is evident in, Theme for English B. then here to this college on the hill above Harlem This line is saying how it is above Harlem, meaning better than it, and how this school was so far away from the black neighborhoods. His repetition of the word colored separates him from others yet he makes it clear that his dreams and desires are the same as everyone elses. I guess being colored doesnt make me not like the same things other folks like that are other races. So will my page be colored that I write? He is proud of his race, and even though his life was hard at times, he was never ashamed of who he was. Hughes addresses what America is, or should be in I hear America Singing. He categorizes groups of Americans according to occupation, not race. The common working man, such as carpenters, boat men, and a wives and mothers, are all strong and happy. This American theme is revisited in Let America be America again. Many in America have been oppressed. Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is a dream for the future, this America has never been. The American dream has not yet been achieved but many have struggled for it. Hughes is everyone who has been oppressed in Let America Be America Again. I am the poor white, fooled and pushed apart /I am the Negro bearing slaverys scars/ I am the Red man driven from the land/ I am the immigrant clutching the hope I seek/ and finding why the same old stupid plan/ of dog eat dog, of mighty crush the weak (Let America be America again). In this parallel repetition, all races have something in common with each other. He is saying there it is the way of the world for the powerful to take advantage of the less advantaged people. He has a dream of America being free and equal. The dream of what could be is what keeps people going. America never was America to me and yet I swear this oath, America will be. Another prominent theme running through many of these poems are dreams that are not yet realized. In his hold fast to dreams life without a dream is compared to a barren field frozen with snow. Again, in Harlem two, what happens to a dream deferred? Hughes uses visual as well as sensory imagery to describe the dream that is set aside. It may fester like a sore, stink like rotten meat, or crust and sugar over like a syrupy sweet. Langston Hughess poetry eloquently discusses racial inequality as well as the failure of the American dream. His messages however, have an optimistic quality about what can someday be achieved. He paved the way for many others in the literary as well as political world to address the racial divide in America. He truly was proud to be an African American and embraced his cultures history as well as detailing his hopes for the future.

Questioning and Investigation

In developmental planning and implementation, it is critical that the policy maker understands the needs of each individual, group, and class. In this regard, it should be comprehended that the needs of one community might not be similar to those of another community hence there is need to offer services based on the features of each group.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Questioning and Investigation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Every group or community has different values, culture, and even practices meaning that they would not share the basic services, such as healthcare, with another group. In the given scenario, the major issue that would be facing the researcher is to establish whether the two communities share similar political and socio-economic chances. Obviously, the community that controls political power would tend to receive favours from the government while the one with no influence in governme nt would be subjugated and oppressed. Therefore, the community whose children and adults would show signs of illness, which is not related to genetics, might have been discriminated. In this regard, the researcher would ask whether the community is amicably represented in government. Moreover, the researcher would seek to know the effectiveness of public administrators since they should be people imbued to service delivery (Paul, Elder, 2008). They should always come up with policies aimed at ensuring that people do not go through various problems, such as unknown illnesses. The major question would be to establish the effectiveness and efficiency of civil servants, as well as the government of the day. The people to be interviewed include members of the community who know the real issues affecting them. Moreover, they understand the local politics, including how it affects service delivery in the community. If service delivery programs for the community are combined with those of the city, there is a high likelihood that resources would be channelled to one place. The most appropriate type of research is ought to be explorative in nature because the problem facing community is complex. It would take the researcher a number of days or even months to understand it. In this regard, the researcher would better employ a mixed method research whereby both quantitative and qualitative types of research would be carried out. Some of the obstacles to critical thinking in this form of study would be related unreflective acceptance of social and political attitudes, stereotyping, loaded language, uncertainty, including unlimited access to information, and relativism.Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More All these obstacles would be overcome through self-reflection, expression, evaluation, testing, data investigation and reflecting on evidence, and surveillance and explanation of facts. One of the strategies entails the use of critical thinking tools, such as surveillance, analysis, synthesis, and problem solving (Harrison, Bramson, 2002). The major assumption made before trying to resolve the problem would be the existence of reference frame, which include an individual’s experience, the previous knowledge regarding the subject, general assumptions and cultural beliefs, and values. The reference frame is an important assumption since it has the capability of affecting the considerations of relevance, the method that the researcher would employ, the kind of evidence used, the interpretative power of the researcher, and the acceptance of other options. In this regard, the researcher would have to understand the race/ethnicity of the community under study, its religion, cultural values, and power relations. These assumptions would give the researcher an advantage in carrying out the study. The researcher process would flow smoothly if t he researcher understands some of the basic features of the community, such as economic activity. References Harrison, A. F., Bramson, R. M. (2002). The art of thinking. New York: Berkley Books. Paul, R., Elder, L. (2008). The thinker’s guide for conscientious citizens on how to detect media bias propaganda in national and world news. Dillon Beach: CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking Press. This essay on Questioning and Investigation was written and submitted by user Pedro Bryan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Jorge Alfonso Ramos Ortega Essays - Fiction, Culture, Jedi, Jediism

Jorge Alfonso Ramos Ortega Professor Jose Julian Celada Ruiz Upper English 02 November 2016 Jediism as a new religion in our current society Nowadays in our current society there is an assortment of religions that, have been established for years , the religions with more followers are; Christianism with two thousand million follower s , Islam with one thousand three hundred million followers and Hinduism with eight hundred fifty one million. With 19 major religions already established, people think that creating a new religion could be difficult, nevertheless the number of followers of many religions is decreasing, young people are conflicted by too many theories that have been revealed, this group people are favoring party to be atheists, agnostics, freethinkers , as non-religious organizations, it does not mean that religious people does not think freely. H owever there are appearing new religions like scientology, the church of euthanasia and Jediism. Knowing about a new religion which adapt to the mentality and way of life of our current society is usele ss in order to open the panorama of it. Focusing on Jediism as new recognized religion that people could take as a game or without the seriousness that deserves , due to the bases of it; the Star Wars franchise in which the main characters are fictional Jedis who believe in the Force, for that people think Jediism is not a serious religion . For that people who believe in this as a religion and not a game make churches around the world, like in Texas where the Temple Of The Jedi Order was created, as it said Jedis believe in the Force and the Temple Of The Jedi Order define the Force as "a ubiquitous and metaphysical power that aJedi(a follower of Jediism) believes to be the underlying, fundamental nature of the universe.", Temple Of The Jedi Order is the First International Church Of Jediism; it is located in Texas, United States it could be abbreviated as TotJO. The Jedis (follow ers of Jediism) believe that r eligion is more than that; they believe that Jediism is a way of life based on the Jedi Code, The Three Tenets, Sixteen Teachings and Twenty One Maxims. The beliefs will be explained further into the essay . They apply their beliefs in a practical way in their lifes. They do not deny they relationship with the mythical Jedis of the movie Star Wars, nevertheless they do not worship the creator or the movie itself, they "accept myth as a sometimes more practical mean of conveying philosophies applicable to real life." (TotJO 2016), TotJO also has its own emblem. The emblem is conformed by the five star representation of the Jedi Code , the Sixteen Teachings; as a sixteen star and the interdependence of light and dark. Jediism as any other religion has it owns Days of Significance; most of these days match with other special days of other religions like Christianism such as Christmas Day which in Jediism is the Anniversary Day . Jediism also have specific reflections on each month, they believe "The Reflections are dichotomies of, for lack of better terms, v ices and virtues of human nature. One cannot reduce all the variables of the human experience into 12 dichotomies of vice/virtue, nor insist that these are the most important." The Days of Significance such as the Monthly reflections will be exposed further in the essay . Everyone ca n join Jediism, in TotJO website request the guest to register so he can participate in forums or Sermons which members published and give their opinion about it, before you register they ask the guest to read the rules so the relationship between Jedis could be as healthy as possible, taking care of the integrity of each member. TotJO allow people to register even if they do not believe in Jediism as a religion. The Jedi code which is part of their Doctrine, the code is the set of rules that Jedi has to follow . The Jedi code says; "There is no Emotion, there is Peace. There is no Ignorance, there is Knowledge. There is no Passion, there is Serenity. There is no Chaos, There is Harmony. There is no

3 Unusual Ways To Create Exclusive Content That Attracts A Crowd

3 Unusual Ways To Create Exclusive Content That Attracts A Crowd While it might not be nice to exclude people, it can sure be handy in content marketing. Exclusive content is a strange beast. It goes against our natural inclination to make as much available to as many people all the time. Yet, if done right, exclusive content can be incredibly effective at getting your audience to take action. Why Exclusive Content Works How do you make people want something? Use exclusivity.  Only make a few available. Ask people to sign up and wait for an invite (like  Simple). Exclusivity works because, frankly, people like to be in on the secret.  Exclusivity makes people want something. If they cant have it, they want it all the more. If people cant have it, they want it all the more. #ExclusiveContentSome of us take a bit of pleasure when others are excluded (though wed rather not admit that). Wed rather be in the group than out of it, and if its a small group that not everyone can join even though they want to, we feel pretty good about ourselves when we get in. We feel special. Exclusivity also works for companies who offer their product to any customer who wants it, but on very specific terms. In this realm (think of Netflix and their show House of Cards, which they distribute exclusively), the product has to be excellent, people have to be able to find it, and you have to be able to keep people from spreading it beyond what you control (keep it exclusive). Exclusivity makes people want something, and it works in two ways: Not everyone gets in. This requires a product that is so good, so clever, so desirable, such a status symbol, that people are frantic to get in on it. Everyone gets in, but only through our channels. This requires a product that is excellent, people have to be able to find it easily enough, and you have to have a method for keeping control of how it spreads (think DRM). Exclusivity doesnt work if you only make 50 available and only one person wants it, anyway. There has be be demand for your product, whether its a real demand or one you conjure up through clever marketing and pushing the psychological buttons of your audience. Applying Exclusivity To Content Marketing The language you use in your copy can be exclusive, even if the item itself actually isnt exclusive. QuickSprout does an excellent job describing how exclusive language is a powerful way to convince people to do something in their (fantastic) Definitive Guide To Copywriting. Some of the phrases that motivate people to sign up are: exclusive offers become an insider be one of the few get it before everybody else be the first to hear about it only available to subscribers You get the idea. The words you use can instigate a little bit of panic, greed, or curiosity in a person so that they feel compelled to sign up. Though youre not actually limiting access (everyone who signs up gets it), the language you use to prompt people to sign up hints at feelings of exclusivity. But what about taking exclusivity beyond just the language we use in our copy? Could we create actual exclusive content? Should we try something like that? Heck yes. While your blog and social media are your content foundations, exclusivity is like a window that lets your audience feel like they got a peek at something special. 1. Limit The Availability Exclusivity often has a partner in crime, and thats scarcity. Scarcity uses words such as: limited offer supplies running out get them while they last sale ends soon today only only 10 available only 3 left only available here double the offer in the next hour only When there are fewer opportunities available, it necessarily creates exclusivity: the group that got a rare item are an exclusive group indeed. Buy it while you still can. Get it before its gone. Creating scarcity is a terrifying gamble. Content marketers are programmed to think that we need to get our content out as much as possible to as many as possible. Bigger audience! More traffic! More shares! Making our content scarce doesnt seem to fit that playbook. Can we make scarce content work? If we limit the amount available, wont we be shooting ourselves in the foot? Scarcity will work if: People actually want it. Youve either met a real need that no one has bothered to meet before, or you sold it well and convinced your audience they gotta have it. Maybe youve hinted and teased and tortured your customer, leading up to the product release where thousands of people line up to buy it (iPhone, anyone?) out of fear there wouldnt be enough. People actually know about it. Scarcity isnt scarce until there seem to be more people who want it than can have it. Enough people have to know about it to build the numbers. Its just scarce enough. You have to have enough maintain hope in those who want it that they will, eventually, have it. But you still must keep it scarce. This could be a slow drip in products offering a few at a time, or tantalizing build-ups to a product release. In the end, most people will get the item, but over time and in a way that makes it feel as if they were lucky to get it. True exclusivity is difficult with digital goods; you might only email out 100 newsletters, but anyone can forward them. Tying them to something tangible (everyone who signs up gets a free pony) has a certain appeal (Id skip the pony). But is the point that youre trying to limit who has access, or to make access seem special? It should be the latter.  Its about creating exclusivity in that moment when someone is deciding on whether or not to sign up for your email list. What might that look like? Be one of the few! Maybe you have an email newsletter where you only allow new subscriptions twice a year for short period of time. You dont care if people forward it (youd love them to do so). Youre just creating a forced scarcity.  There is a writers forum that opens up to a few new members only once a year for a day. Its a paid membership. I watch for the announcement every year, and I have yet to get in. Im obsessed with it, but probably wouldnt be as interested if I could join any time. For a limited time only! Make your ebook or autoresponder course available only for a limited time. Then its gone. Limited availability  supersedes  the need to carefully consider. Just do it now and decide later. Thats how we approach limited time. The bonus in all of this? Scarcity and exclusivity allow you to create events around availability. You can promote them on your blog, social media, the whole nine yards. Instead of sign up for our email list all the time, its for a limited time, were opening the doors for new subscribers! Promote it, hype it. Because its a bona fide event.

High School Student Obesity and Fitnessgram Assessments Essay

High School Student Obesity and Fitnessgram Assessments - Essay Example 6). At present, one in six children in America between 6 and 17 years of age are obese because of lack of sufficient amount of physical exercise (American Psychological Association, 2011). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011), 33.8 percent of the American population is obese while the number of obese children between 2 to 19 years old is 12.5 million which shows that 17 percent of the total population of children in United States is obese. According to Miller (2004), childhood obesity is a very serious medical disease that decreases the life of its victims by 5 to 20 years. It is due to this reason that childhood obesity has become a serious issue for almost every country just like the issues of sustainable economic development and global warming. A decrease of 5 to 20 years in the life of a person is something that should be taken seriously. â€Å"In older adults, obesity exacerbates declines in physical performance, leads to frailty, impaired quality of life, and increases the nursing home admissions† (Villareal as cited in Dryden, 2011, para. 4). An important fact to consider is that childhood obesity also affects emotions of children along with physical health (Marcus & Baron, n.d.). For example, overweight children are often made fun of by their peers. Overweight children remain behind in competitions because they do not feel comfortable facing their peers who make fun of them. Moreover, they also get comparatively poor grades in exams because of less interaction with peers and teachers. Some children even become socially excluded. These negative marks on the psychology of a child become more alarming as time passes, and the child becomes completely unable to interact properly with the society as a responsible adult. Lack of physical exercises significantly contributes to obesity in children. Obesity is a problem that occurs because of excessive amount of fat stored in the body.

The causes of world war I Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The causes of world war I - Research Paper Example World War 1 was by caused the diplomatic clashes that occurred between some of the great powers from countries such as Italy, the Austro Hungarian Empire, Germany and the British Empire. These countries clashed over some European and colonial issues causing high tension. The diplomatic clashes might have resulted in a change to power balance in Europe. One source of dispute was over the Balkans territory. This tension was caused by the competition between Austria Hungary, Serbia and Russia over the territory. There are many events that are thought to have triggered the war, which include national politics, assassination, economics and cultures, complex webs of alliances and counterbalances, which were developed with some of the European powers in the year 1870. There are some domestic political factors that may have resulted to the war. They include such factors as German domestic politics. This involved politics between parties such as Social Democratic Party, which had a significant impact on the elections that took place in Germany in the year 1912. The government in Germany was dominated Prussian Junkers; they were the Prussian landowning gentry, who controlled Prussia. This led to increased fear as a result of the rise of left wing parties. It is with such fear that Fritz Fischer thought an external war would distract the population resulting to support for the government.1 Germany might have been ambivalent about the war with the worry that if the Germans lost the war, Germany woul d have faced disastrous consequences, which include a drop of the economy and a shortage of raw materials. Another domestic factor that might have contributed to the war was French domestic politics. The loss of the Alsace-Lorraine resulted to increased anger among the French. France being compelled to pay large reparation to Germany in the year 1870 was seen as a source of humiliation in

MKT Assignment 02 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MKT Assignment 02 - Essay Example Gucci. Prada. Louis Vuitton. Coach. Herms. Chlo. Not anymore. Price - a meaningless word in accessories and leather product industry - is one now echoing deep. Interestingly, feminine sensibility has changed at industry's heels or, conversely, has prompted an unlikely change. Handbags - a long-standing feminine companion, a stamped LV projected for all eyes to see - have given way to shoes. In response to current crisis, major brands are working out marketing strategies stressing less on "new" and more on loyalty to existent classic offerings. Wall Street Journal Magazine qualifies current economic crisis as "Fact": Evidence suggests that after a long shopping hiatus last winter and spring, consumers have been tiptoeing back into stores to buy shoes, handbags and sunglasses, selectively [emphasis added]. (Bannon) "Selectively" is, in fact, telling. Indulgent consumers, losing huge financial assets, are psychologically speaking no longer interested in luxury per se but to keep up an image damaged hard in elite circles. In response, industry giants are adjusting to perceived shifts. Thus, a Prada bootie priced at $800+ during shopping splurge heydays now costs $495. Yet, bags are a standalone symbol for femininity - hence industry's, led by Louis Vuitton's, marketing strategy to enhance brand image of classic models. Saks Fifth Avenue and Chlo are following suit. Interestingly, an industry traditionally geared up to high-end, well-off, older consumers is currently turning to 18-to-25-year-olds stamped -by luxury industry - as "bunkie". Coach's Poppy - featuring sequins, jewels, bright colors, logos and metallics - is a clear example. Notwithstanding Coach's turn to, well, "bunkies" Poppy's features still retain an industry's hold [Insert Your Last Name] 2 on luxury values. Thus, in a mix of new market segmentation and pricing strategies, accessories industry eyes unlikely (untapped) markets during business-as-usual days. Yet, some big brands (e.g. Bottega Veneta) still refuse, at all costs, to compromise on price and stress more on quality and value. Consistently, Italian manufacturers show reluctance to offshore - an indication of still entrenched Italian all-in-the-family business culture. Major retail stores in major markets such as U.S. have, however, responded more briskly catering to more diverse global consumer segments. Indeed, one great opportunity current economic crisis offers to accessories industry leaders is including broader global market segments formerly inadequately served. Historically, market segments for accessories industry have taken as central to global marketing strategy North America, Western Europe, Australia, and Russia. As part of global marketing strategy, global brands such as mentioned above have enjoyed constant featuring in major fashion weeks in Paris, London, Milan and New York. Comparatively, little attention has been directed to emerging fashion weeks in Middle East (e.g. Dubai Fashion Week) and Indian Sub-Continent. In current global economic situation rethinking global marketing strategies becomes a mandate not only for expansion and growth but even for survival as global tastes

Tamil Cultural Identity Abroad Cultural Studies Essay

Tamil Cultural Identity Abroad Cultural Studies Essay Bharatantyam has been embedded in the Tamil culture since centuries, transmitted from generation to generation and evolving over time to uphold its sacredness and its representation of the states traditional identity. Today Bharatanaytam has spread worldwide, performed and practiced across countries and accepted by both traditional and modern masses. However it was only after its rebirth in 1930, when the Devadasi Act was passed, and due to E. Krishna Iyers reworking of the dances movement vocabulary into a socially accepted dance form (On, 2011), that Bharatanatyam gained its respectable social status and hence today plays a crucial role in portraying Indias cultural and traditional identity. This portrayal may be seen as what Bourdieu would call a habitus, which is created through a social, rather an individual process leading to patterns that are enduring and transferrable from one context to another (Powercube, 2012). More precisely, Bharatanatyam is a social measure used to main tain and promote a certain habitus, defining the cultures values which are transferred both through time and across the nations, whilst also acting as a guide for the Tamil generations today. This essay analyses, based substantially on Bourdieus habitus theory, to what extent Bharatanatyam shapes Tamil cultural identity, especially abroad. Art forms in general, especially when practiced over centuries, have proven to be central to any articulation of ethnic identity (Hyder, cited in David, 2009) and this is even more true when a population lives outside of its home nation. There were, and still are, a significant amount of Tamilians that immigrate from India and Sri Lanka to the United Kingdom, especially during and after the British colonialism period. For many Tamilians in London, especially the older generation, Bharatanatyam is the element that contains within it all of their cultural and religious identity: it represents an idealism that they must try to incorporate and preserve. Bharatnayam acts as what Foster would consider an ideal body, something that the material body looks up to and tries to achieve. This ideal cultural representation in Bharatanaym has been transmitted over the years to future generations and to this day young Tamilians explain how Bharatanatyam is part of [their] culture and prevents the culture and religion [from] being forgotten, especially in the West (David, 2009). Two students, Maya and Mahumita, reinforce this statement by confirming that studying Bharatanatyam is their way of learning about their cultural heritage whilst living abroad. For example, most of Bharatanatyams bodily movements and facial expressions bear a prominent representation: that of Tamil womanhood. This can be seen in small gestures such as the applying of the kumkum on the forehead (in representation of the third eye), the plaiting of the hair or the folding of the sari, all symbolizing a feminized social body (David, 2009), describing how a woman should appear and behave in this cultural context. Another more specific example would be that of the heroine character, known as the nayika, and how she uses stylized gestures to prepare herself to meet the hero, the nayaka. Through these gestures the dance transmits an idea of femininity and grace which acts as an ideal for all Tamil women to t ry live up to and admire. This also links to Bourdieus concept of doxa, which is formed through a combination of unspoken norms and beliefs that are taken-for-granted assumptions or common sense behind the distinctions we make (Powercube, 2012), which in this case is the portrayal of how women are expected to behave. These characteristics that Tamil women need to behold are part of an unstated conduct that is reinforced through the dances movements and storytelling, constantly reminding the Tamil population, and women in particular, what their role is society is. As author Ann R. David explains, for the Tamil middle class, Bharatanatyam promises respectability and a traditional femininity and is, therefore, a prized carrier of tradition (David, 2009). As a result, purity of Tamil tradition, their rituals and religion, their language and their social behaviour, such as the importance of womens chastity in the Tamil civilization, is upheld substantially through Bharatanatyam it is co nsidered an influential tool used to craft social status and conduct, uniting Tamil cultural identity across the world. However, first-generation Tamil immigrants, and especially Tamil Hindu groups, are concerned that the external pressures of the West may overwhelm the younger generations and cause them to lose sight of their national identity as Tamilians. In order to preserve this sense of cultural identity, several schools have been built abroad to encourage and indulge the youth in their Tamil culture, ensuring that their roots are not forgotten. These classes would, according to Ann R. David, allow the transmission of traditional culture and assist immigrants in maintaining Tamil identity in local diasporic settings where the acquisition of Tamil social, cultural, and religious values does not necessarily take place (David, 2009). Most Sri Lankan Tamil temples and Tamil weekend classes in London are led by Tamil conservationists who try stay true to their cultural identity by discouraging their dance pupils to attend international performances to keep them from any outside influences. In additi on, most of the syllabus is written and taught in Tamil, despite the fact that the second generations are likely to have grown up with English as their first language given their educational and social context. This obsession to ensure that Bharatanatyam is practised and incorporated in the lives of immigrated Tamilians means that, as a result, the dance now bears more rituals and ceremonies attached to it today than it had during the period of its revival (David, 2009). For example, the offering of flowers on stage, known as pushpanjali, and the dedication of bells on the stage are common rituals now that were not required previously in Bharatanatyam. As part of their cultural essentialism none of the teachers in the London Tamil temples have introduced any creative or slightly unconventional material to their students, ensuring that the history of the dance is untouched in order to transfer a pure concept of their Tamil cultural identity. This may be considered as what Bourdieu re fers to as misrecognition, similar to Marxs concept of false consciousness, which is the conscious manipulation of a certain group or individual. In this case, the conservationists use Bharatanatyam to encourage certain social pressures that have been accepted without questioning such as, as previously discussed, the role of obedient women in the Tamil society. But is this pressure of preserving Tamil traditions through Bharatanatyam having the contrary effect and pushing away the younger generations from exploring their cultural identity? Some may argue yes, as certain teachers and practitioners, mostly in other countries in Europe and in North America, support Tamil nationalism through change and development. Aided and supported by the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam), Tamil Sri Lankan nationalism in particular is encouraged to evolve through more creative Bharatanatyam choreographies. For example, a Bharatanatyam piece was choreographed narrating the story of a military woman who sacrifices her male relatives to be a part of the Sri Lankan war. These types of narrations are unconventional compared to any of the traditional Bharatanatyam stories which usually involve Gods and their relationship with mankind. Another example would be the Akademi centre today whose goal is to enlarge received aesthetic definitions of the traditional and classical through strategic acts of cultural translation and situate Indian dance on the multicultural map of Great Britain (Meduri, 2004). Therefore, this modernising of Bharatanatyam and the usage of its representative symbolic movements to express contemporary concerns is going against the work of the preservationists. This contemporary development of Bharatanayam can be seen as creating a new, more current and perhaps global cultural identity. This sense of global identity seems to be growing, even in Britain, especially amongst the second generation as they have no strong, direct ties to their homeland. They hence tend to see themselves more as British, British Asian or British Hindu citizens who are made up of both cultures, yet belong strongly to neither of them. These young Tamilians are part of a global youth culture (Saldanha, cited in David, 2009) which means that they hold a global identity, unlike their elder relatives who struggle to maintain their traditional cultural identity whilst living in a different country amidst a completely different set of values. In the late 20th century all Indian dance forms were put under the label of South Asian dance, despite the fact that South Asia evidently consists of many more countries than just India, hence not only creating a rather vague category for these Indian dances but also merging internationalism within nationalism. The specific classical dance Bharatantyam being thrown amidst numerous other Indian dances and renamed as a part of a South Asian dance was a huge turning point as it enlarged the Indian label and made visible the diverse dance, performance, and theatre practices of the Indian/Asian diaspora (Meduri, 2004). But some Bharatanatyam dancers and teachers, such as Mira Kaushik, encouraged this relocation of Bharatanatyam dance within the broader category of South Asian dance. Kaushik claimed that although Indian dance might look Indian, it is South Asian dance in the United Kingdom because it is performed not just by immigrant dancers from India but by hundreds of South Asian dancers belonging to the different nations of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, India, and Africa (Meduri, 2004). One may argue that Kaushik challenges the idea that Bharatanatyam is specially reserved for Tamilians as their source of cultural identity; she brings a whole new concept to Bharatanatyam by suggesting that it can appeal, be understood and perfo rmed by many other nationalities. This reform therefore alters and reshapes the key tool Bharatanatyam that traditionally promotes the estalished Tamil habitus. By reintegrating Bharatanaytam with a more futuristic and contemporary aspect, it challenges the cultures original habitus and its centuries of unquestioned customs. Therefore Bharatnatyam may actually be seen as a source of creativity and as a catalyst for a new global identity, rather than a source of tradition and preservation of a purely Tamil identity. Bharatnayam has been adopted and reworked since the very beginning of the 1900s by the West, especially in the United States to begin with. For example, in 1906 Ruth St. Denis, the co-founder of the dance company Denishawn, was hugely inspired by South Asian dance and she immersed herself in Indian writings and culture. She used these resources to later on choreograph dance pieces, such as Incense, The Legend of the Peacock, Radha and further on group productions such as The Flute of Krishna in the 1920s. Another distinct dance pioneer, La Meri, even created a rendition of Swan Lake through Bharatanatyam vocabulary. Especially since the 1930s Bharatnayam has opened up as men now feel comfortable to interpret womanly roles, whilst also many dancers from outside of the Tamil nationality have beg an practicing Bharatanatyam, even to a professional level. But does this globalisation of Bharatanatyam necessarily affect the preservation and the influence it has on the Tamil population and their cultural identity? Rather on the contrary, although Bharatantyam has been increasingly globalised since the early 1900s, the dance in itself to this day remains associated with tradition and symbolism. Both in local Indian communities and abroad, Bharatanatyam is an art that globally and continually promotes the habitus of the Tamil community and its values: whether a non-Tamilian dances it, whether a contemporary story is being told, whether a man dances a womans character the movement vocabulary and the concepts behind the dance remains the same for example, even the interpretation of Swan Lake by Le Meri through Bharatanaym essentially needs to use the dances symbolized codes to tell the story. Bharatanatyam is based intricately on traditional meanings, and therefore whatever context it may be placed in, it will stay true to its Tamil origin . Especially in countries such as Britain and Indonesia where the Tamil population is significant, Bharatanatyam remains a key pathway to not only identify themselves with their distant Tamil customs and embody their cultures habitus, but to spread it worldwide. Word count: 2,005

Florida Should Legalize Euthanasia :: Free Essay Writer

Florida Should Legalize Euthanasia Florida should legalize euthanasia and I offer the following plan. The way Florida would legalize euthanasia should be by setting up a set of professional doctors who could examine all cases in which a person or an ill patients family request euthanasia due to extreme pain or an incurable disease. The doctors could examine these people and if they find there is no way other than the use of machines 24-hours a day to keep these people alive they will allow the doctor of the patient to assist in suicide or in better terms freeing an immense pain and agony. The benefits from legalizing euthanasia in Florida would be the health care spent to keep many of the people who live on machines from terminally or incurable diseases would be saved, many families would not have to watch there family member die slowly, and many stories like Sue Rodriguez's would never be. In the first place, health care on people with incurable or deadly diseases cannot be paid by many people because of no medical insurance according to Euthanasia questions by the IAETF. The government jumps in and pays for the treatment and care. This could be replaced in incurable or agonizing pain situations with the better and cheaper treatment of death. Next, not all family life is harmonious, and underlying pathology can often be exacerbated by the stresses of a family member's terminal illness bring says an article in Law Medicine & Health Care of 1992. If euthanasia is legalized the family members of a patient could sleep peacefully knowing that they have been "mercied" and died easily and with little pain instead of being kept alive by a machine or dying slowly and painfully from an incurable disease. Finally, let me tell you a true story from Vess Fast Access TO Information On Euthanasia, about a 31-year old mother named Sue Rodriguez. Sue Rodriguez was dying slowly of the incurable Lou Gehrig's disease. She lived several years with the knowledge that the disease would one by one waste away her muscles until the point while still conscious the lack of muscles would choke her to death. She begged the courts to allow her and her doctor to choose the moment of her death instead of the inspicable pain of being choked to death. The court refused to mercy her and she lived in terror every day. Every morning she would wake up wondering if this is the day she would be choked to death maybe while her children watch. In February 1994, Sue Rodriguez died. Florida Should Legalize Euthanasia :: Free Essay Writer Florida Should Legalize Euthanasia Florida should legalize euthanasia and I offer the following plan. The way Florida would legalize euthanasia should be by setting up a set of professional doctors who could examine all cases in which a person or an ill patients family request euthanasia due to extreme pain or an incurable disease. The doctors could examine these people and if they find there is no way other than the use of machines 24-hours a day to keep these people alive they will allow the doctor of the patient to assist in suicide or in better terms freeing an immense pain and agony. The benefits from legalizing euthanasia in Florida would be the health care spent to keep many of the people who live on machines from terminally or incurable diseases would be saved, many families would not have to watch there family member die slowly, and many stories like Sue Rodriguez's would never be. In the first place, health care on people with incurable or deadly diseases cannot be paid by many people because of no medical insurance according to Euthanasia questions by the IAETF. The government jumps in and pays for the treatment and care. This could be replaced in incurable or agonizing pain situations with the better and cheaper treatment of death. Next, not all family life is harmonious, and underlying pathology can often be exacerbated by the stresses of a family member's terminal illness bring says an article in Law Medicine & Health Care of 1992. If euthanasia is legalized the family members of a patient could sleep peacefully knowing that they have been "mercied" and died easily and with little pain instead of being kept alive by a machine or dying slowly and painfully from an incurable disease. Finally, let me tell you a true story from Vess Fast Access TO Information On Euthanasia, about a 31-year old mother named Sue Rodriguez. Sue Rodriguez was dying slowly of the incurable Lou Gehrig's disease. She lived several years with the knowledge that the disease would one by one waste away her muscles until the point while still conscious the lack of muscles would choke her to death. She begged the courts to allow her and her doctor to choose the moment of her death instead of the inspicable pain of being choked to death. The court refused to mercy her and she lived in terror every day. Every morning she would wake up wondering if this is the day she would be choked to death maybe while her children watch. In February 1994, Sue Rodriguez died.

Dress for Success Essay

Abstract We’ve all heard the saying â€Å"Dress for Success,† and I believe this saying holds a very valuable meaning in any profession. The way you dress not only affects your confidence and your self-esteem, but it also casts the first impression you are giving to your fellow colleagues and/or prospective employers. What you wear will portray a visual communication of what you have to offer and what they can expect from you in the work field. The primary goal of dressing professional is to feel good about yourself and to project a positive image. Your non-verbal communication is just as important as your verbal communication in any situation. Of course your skills and knowledge are an important factor, but don’t forget to dress the part and rule out any possibilities why people will doubt your abilities to perform. We’d like to think that we live in a world where people don’t judge us by the clothes we wear, but the truth is appearance does matter and the first impressions we portray reflect how we are initially judged by others. . When you dress for success people will take you more seriously and take what you have to say into consideration. Appropriate attire in the workplace gives you respect, and a professional image that will give your superior, colleagues, and patients trust and confidence in your abilities. There has been a lot of research that has proven that employers will likely hire a potential employee who dress and look the part. How you dress sends out many signals, one being an effective leader. When you take the extra step to make sure your clothes are ironed, and your physical attire is up to par, people will recognize that and follow your lead. In my opinion, people today underestimate the importance of a professional image. Many workplaces have a â€Å"casual attire† policy and people would rather blend in with the crowd then stand out and make their own personal impression. Looking for a job in the medical field is very competitive, and although your resume may be one of the most outstanding and qualified, how you look will sum up the final judgment. When potential employers look through tons and tons of paperwork day in and day out, everything starts to look the same, so when you come in for an interview you should try to stand  out and show them that you care about your image and how they perceived you. How you look will put a face to the resume and help you stand out from the other competitors. Ever since we were young, we were taught to never judge a book by its cover, and what really matter is what’s on the inside. Although the topic of how you look and what you wear may sound superficial, you have to look at yourself as a brand. Many companies today spend millions of dollars trying to upgrade and renew their visual image. Making sure how they look as a company and how their brand look will attract the new generations. So, it only makes sense that if a company cares so much of their image, they will also care about how their employees look and carry their name to the outside world. This theory goes hand in hand, if a company cares about how their employees look, the employees themselves should take the initiative and care about their professional image. When we purchase stuff from the store, what initially attracts is that packaging, before we judge the product by its performance. When you look good, you feel good, and ultimately that is all that matters in the end. When a person feels confident there is not stopping them from achieving he/she goals. Interviews are not intended to be a fashion show or beauty contest, but how you look and how you present yourself will always receive a positive reaction from the interviewer. By maintaining a professional image it can help you achieve the career you deserve.

Steroids Essays

Steroids Essays Steroids Essay Steroids Essay Introduction Background Steroids, more specifically glucocorticoids, for illustration hydrocortisone ( the construction of which is shown below in 1 ) are on a regular basis used in clinical pattern due to their anti inflammatory belongingss e.g. injected into inflamed articulations or sinews. ( 1 ) They achieve this inflammatory action by the suppression of the enzyme phospholipase A2. This enzyme converts cell membrane phospholipids into arachidonic acid – a cardinal molecule in the creative activity of all eicosanoids. ( 1 ) Eicosanoid is a general term for a group of molecules embracing prostaglandins, thromboxanes, prostacyclin, lipoxins, leukotrienes and derived functions. ( 1 ) Prostaglandins were discovered by a Swedish adult male named Ulf von Euler. He isolated them from a sample of seeds and so assumed they were synthesised by the prostate secretory organ, hence their name. ( 2 ) They have since been found, along with leukotrienes to be built-in to the inflammatory response and in the causing of hurting, while lipoxins signal the terminal of an inflammatory period. ( 3 ) Thromboxane is a lipid that promotes the collection of thrombocytes from which it is produced ; it is besides a powerful hypertensive agent that increases blood force per unit area by vasoconstriction, prostacyclin holding an counter consequence. ( 3 ) As steroids inhibit the production of all these molecules, they have a really broad scope of effects in the organic structure. They prevent vasocodilation, diminish the inflow and activity of leukocytes and mononucleate cells, suppress the procedure of angiogenesis, prevent extra fibrosis, decrease clonal enlargement of T and B cells and diminish the action of cytokine releasing T cells. ( 3 ) Non steroidal anti inflammatories ( NSAIDs ) for illustration acetylsalicylic acid ( the construction of which is shown below in 2 ) work to battle redness in a more specific mode than steroids. They inhibit the enzymes cyclooxygenase 1 and cyclooxygenase 2 therefore forestalling the oxidization of arachidonic acid to PGH2 which is an intermediary in the production of prostaglandins, thromboxanes and prostacyclin. ( 1 ) This allows the production of other eicosanoids ( e.g. leukotrienes and derived functions ) to go on uninhibited. This gives the drug a more targeted consequence. These drugs are known to hold anti pyretic, anti inflammatory and analgetic effects. ( 3 ) Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors ( for illustration Celebrex shown in 3 below ) are, once more, a much more targeted drug – merely suppressing the Cox 2 enzyme. ( 1 ) This has been shown to be good as the prostaglandins that are secreted into the gastro enteric piece of land ( GIT ) to protect against the potentially harmful low pH tend to be catalysed by the Cox 1 enzyme, i.e. the usage of traditional NSAIDs can take to ulceration in the GIT. ( 3 ) It has been suggested that all Cox enzyme suppressing drugs – but particularly cox-2 inhibitors increase the likeliness of thrombi forming, seting patients on these drugs at a higher hazard of holding myocardial infarctions, shots etc. ( 3 ) This is due to their suppression of prostacyclin, a lipoid that prevents curdling of blood. ( 1 ) An overview of the concatenation of reactions involved in the formation of eicosanoids and the action of steroids, NSAIDs and cox-2 inhibitors is shown below in 4. Connective tissue is a reasonably obscure term, split into three sub classs, connective tissue proper, unstable connective tissues and supportive tissues. ( 4 ) Connective tissue proper is so farther divided into loose and heavy conjunction tissues, depending on the figure of cells present and the comparative proportions of fibers and land substance. ( 4 ) All connective tissue proper contains fibroblasts, which secrete a substance called hyaluronan and assorted other proteins. Fibrocytes, Macrophages, Adipocytes, Mesenchymal cells, Melanocytes, Mast cells, Lymphocytes and Microphages are besides present in some but non all connective tissue proper. Forming a kind of web around the different cell types are fibers of which there are three types – collagen, reticulate and elastic. All three are created by the fibroblast cells from the proteins they secrete and maintained by fibrocytes. Collagen is a consecutive unbranching fiber that has unbelievable tensile strength that makes up about all of the composing of sinews and ligaments and is besides present in tegument. ( 4 ) Reticulate fibers are besides made of collagen but alternatively organize a heavy web like construction that is really strong and flexible. Elastic fibers are wholly different to the other two fibers, as they are made up of elastin. These fibers have the ability to stretch and return to their original size. An illustration of elastic fibers in the organic structure is the connexions between vertebrae. ( 4 ) Supporting all these constituent parts and filling in the spreads of connective tissue is ground substance. Ground substance is a clear, colorless extremely syrupy substance. This is good as it hinders the patterned advance of bacteriums and other pathogens through it and into the organic structure and besides aids phagocytosis. Purposes I intend to sketch the pros and cons of the clinical usage of steroids, not steroidal anti inflammatory drugs and Cox 2 inhibitors as anti inflammatories and anodynes when connective tissue injury is evident. aims To accomplish this I will turn up relevant research documents, critically measure their findings and explicate my ain decision sing their positive and negative effects in the organic structure, more specifically their effects on connective tissue fix and if their usage is good overall. Method Search I performed an electronic hunt of the MEDLINE ( 1950 to January Week 4 2009 ) database utilizing the OVID hunt engine. I limited the consequences to full text, English linguistic communication documents and used the cardinal words steroids, not steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs, Cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors, cox-2 inhibitors and lesion healing. These single hunts brought up an unwieldy figure of hits so I so combined each drug type with lesion healing. This narrowed the figure of documents down significantly, but was still unwieldy and on upon reappraisal of the documents, a batch of them were unrelated and referred to the effects of the drug on many different tissues. I wanted my reappraisal to be more specific, so I introduced another hunt parametric quantity – collagen. An illustration of the concluding hunt is shown below ( 5 ) , taken from OVID. I so searched utilizing the same keywords as before in Google Scholar. This hunt uncovered yet more relevant stuff that the OVID hunt engine had missed. Using the documents I had found in the aforesaid hunts, I analysed the mentions they had used to bring out any farther documents I could utilize that I may hold overlooked earlier. In add-on, a relevant degree of background cognition of the pharmacological medicine of the drugs involved and their physiological effects was acquired from text editions and internet resources. Consequences The consequences brought up by my assorted hunt techniques were chiefly drug tests in rats and mice. There were besides many existing reappraisal articles related to what I intended to research. Discussion Steroids As discussed earlier, steroids have a broad scope of effects in the organic structure, due to them suppressing the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of arachidonic acid, a substance from which all eicosanoids are created. Glucocorticoids affect the healing procedure well, and if injected after hurt, dramatically lower the figure of inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, the formation of land substance and sum of new collagen. ( 5 ) It was presumed that this was because of the steroid s repressive consequence on the inflammatory response, without which mending can non happen. It has now been suggested by a survey ( 5 ) that it is besides caused by the steroid s ability to stamp down the look of TGF B ( transforming growing factor ) and IGF ( insulin like growing factor ) cytokines. The survey was performed on rats. TGF B and IGF are cytokines that are released when macrophages take portion in phagocytosis at the site of a lesion. ( 6 ) # They work by conveying about the proliferation of fibroblasts, which as discussed earlier, are built-in in the production of collagen. The graphs below ( figures 6 and 7 ) show that there was a statistically important lessening in both TGF B and IGF when the rats were admini stered with steroids. Besides determined from this survey was that there was decreased collagen synthesis caused by a lessening in steady province cellular type I procollagen messenger RNAs . Overall, this survey indicates that the decrease of TGF B and IGF in lesions as a consequence of steroid intervention causes collagen deposition to endure. This would later do the healed lesion to be weaker and have a lower breakage strength. Clinically, these consequences are really of import, as glucocorticoids are normally used in postoperative patients, which puts them at a high hazard of impaired healing and infection. ( 6 ) Timing, dosage and length of intervention besides play a cardinal function in the suppression of proper lesion fix, with patients holding more post operative jobs with lesions if they receive glucocorticoid intervention preoperatively. ( 6 ) There is a correlativity between higher doses and more hurtful wound fix effects, while patients on a long class experience well slower lesion healing. ( 6 ) Despite these obvious negative effects of steroids, they are still widely used to handle many conditions for illustration in lower doses to handle adrenal lacks and at higher doses to battle assorted inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases. ( 7 ) Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs Relatively small work has been done on researching the effects of NSAIDs on lesion healing, but there are many theories as to how it could interfere with this procedure. A survey was conducted in 1996 ( 8 ) that investigated the consequence of a specific drug, ketorolac tromethamine, on the healing of lesions in male rats. This was achieved by mensurating the breakage strength ( 8 ) , collagen content ( 9 ) and tensile strength ( 10 ) of the freshly formed tissue. It was found in this survey that the breakage strength and collagen denseness of the trial subjects was much lower than that found in the controls ; nevertheless the tensile strength was non found to be lowered significantly. The lessening in interrupting strength is likely a direct consequence of the lowered collagen content ( 8 ) as collagen gives tissue snap and the ability to stretch to defy forces without interrupting. ( 4 ) As can be seen in the graphs, it is clear that this peculiar NSAID has a definite impact on the manner in which the tissue has repaired. It is possible that NSAIDs have a direct impact on the production of prostaglandin-E ( 8 ) , a eicosanoid involved in the production of colleganase, which maps in the dislocation and formation of new collagen fibers. ( 1 ) Another survey ( 9 ) has shown a lessening in hydroxyproline in the healed lesion tissue treated with a different NSAID, isobutylphenyl propionic acid. This is a important determination as it is a constituent in collagen that is indispensable to the formation of its third construction. ( 10 ) Another consequence that is likely to be related to connective tissue fix is the lowered production of glucosaminoglycan, a substance fo und in connective tissues for illustration sinews. ( 8 ) Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors As discussed earlier, cox-2 inhibitors are in consequence a more targeted version of traditional NSAIDs, for this ground, it would be a just premise that the scope of side effects is more limited. The consequences from trials from surveies refering cox-2 inhibitors show far fewer side effects and are about wholly barren of the jobs with wound fix associated with the other two drug types ( 11-13 ) . Some of the consequences are really interesting and present contradictions to informations from the surveies concerned with traditional NSAIDs ( 8 ) # . An illustration of this is shown in a survey performed to contrast the effects of NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors ( 11 ) . The information shows that upon disposal of Celebrex, a cox-2 inhibitor, the concentration of prostaglandin E decreases significantly ( shown below in 11 ) As discussed before, this lessening in prostaglandin E would theoretically ensue in a lessening in the collagen production at the site of the lesion. Despite this, information from the survey states that the overall healing procedure was unhampered compared to the control. It is stated that this could be attributed to the unchanged production of hydroxyproline ( shown below in 12 ) . In a different survey ( 13 ) negative effects on the healing of epithelial tissue were predicted. It states that although the drugs have negligible effects on lesion fix as a whole procedure, there is cause for concern as epithelial tissue is a peculiarly strong inducer of the Cox 2 enzyme. Despite this statement, the survey goes onto to confute this hypothesis, happening small to no difference compared to the controls ( 13 ) . Conversely, a similar survey performed in 2002 showed a slower rate of lesion healing ( although the healed lesion showed about indistinguishable features to the controls ) ( 12 ) . This trial was performed on mice. The consequences are highlighted in the graph below ( 13 ) . The dark saloon represents the cox-2 inhibitor treated mice, the white saloon traditional NSAID treated mice and the dark saloon is the controls ( i.e. untreated mice. ) If the surveies discussed here are all taken into history, it would look that cox-2 inhibitors have really small consequence on the healing procedure, simply decelerating it. Decision Remarks Steroids are really powerful drugs, and have a broad scope of perchance negative effects on a patient. The information from this reappraisal would propose that steroids are unsuitable for usage in patients with connective tissue injury, due to their impact on the healing procedure. NSAIDs are widely used in pattern for their analgetic belongingss and in higher doses to cut down redness. The information gathered to organize this reappraisal suggests that although there are negative effects on lesion healing, the usage of the drugs in a controlled environment ( i.e. as prescribed by a physician ) is warranted. A major concern would be that they are readily available over the counter , for illustration ibuprofen . As a consequence of this patients may non experience it necessary to unwrap this information to their physician, as they may non see it as of import due to the effects on lesion mending non being widely known. ( 8 ) # COX-2 inhibitors seem to hold negligible effects on lesion fix, yet exhibit about indistinguishable effects on the organic structure as a traditional NSAIDs, upon which they are based ( i.e. analgesia and decrease of redness ) . There is besides cogent evidence of the lessened hazard of developing stomachic ulcers, a complication associated with traditional NSAIDs. As identified in the debut nevertheless, cox-2 inhibitors put the patient at a much higher hazard of enduring a shot or myocardial infarction. There are obvious benefits and hazards in the usage of all the drugs discussed, and no grounds has been presented back uping the thought that the drugs are insecure if used in the right state of affairs. i.e. a patient with a predisposed hazard of myocardial infarction would non be given a cox-2 inhibitor, and a patient with a history of developing peptic ulcers would non be prescribed a traditional NSAID. In decision, after taking into history all the information gathered, despite their evident side effects, all the drugs discussed clearly have their topographic point in clinical pattern, if used carefully and the side effects are thought through with relation to the patient s status. Restrictions I believe a major restriction of this survey is the deficiency of clinical tests in worlds. I was unable to happen any research performed on worlds or human tissue, the bulk being on rats and mice. While this gives an estimate of how these drug types would interact in a human, it is executable that if the tests were performed in a existent human trial topic, the consequences would be wholly different. For this ground, it is possibly non advisable to give the consequences of this reappraisal much weight, until it is proven in worlds. Further Areas of Study Further survey would include the testing of the drugs in worlds. The proving for collagen content would affect taking a little biopsy of the lesion, but to find the mechanical features ( i.e. interrupting strength and tensile strength ) the lesion and environing tissue would hold to be removed and ripped apart. This is evidently ethically debatable, so a more realistic attack would to turn tissue civilizations and execute trials on these. This could supply another possible usage of root cells in research. 1. Ganong WF. Review of Medical Physiology. 22nd erectile dysfunction: Lange ; 2005. 2. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/555prostagland.html. [ cited 11th February 2009 ] . 3. Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flowers RJ. Pharmacology. 6th erectile dysfunction: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier ; 2008. 4. Martini FH, Nath JL. Fundamentalss of Anatomy and Physiology. 8th erectile dysfunction: Pearson ; 2009. 5. Wicke C, Halliday B, Allen D, Roche NS, Scheuenstuhl H, Spencer MM, et Al. Effectss of steroids and retinoids on lesion healing. Arch Surg. [ Comparative Study ] . 2000 Nov ; 135 ( 11 ) :1265-70. 6. Anstead GM. Steroids, retinoids, and wound mending. Adv Wound Care. [ Review ] . 1998 Oct ; 11 ( 6 ) :277-85. 7. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uptodate.com/patients/content/topic.do? topicKey=~fpyFyamA5oQZAd. [ cited 2009 13th February ] . 8. Haws MJ, Kucan JO, Roth AC, Suchy H, Brown RE. The effects of chronic Torodal tromethamine ( ketorolac tromethamine ) on lesion healing. Annalss of plastic surgery1996 Aug ; 37 ( 2 ) :147-51. 9. Velasco M, Guaitero E. A comparative survey of some anti-inflammatory drugs in lesion healing of the rat. Experientia. [ Comparative Study ] . 1973 Oct 15 ; 29 ( 10 ) :1250-1. 10. Bansal M, Ananthanarayanan VS. The function of hydroxyproline in collagen folding: conformational energy computations on oligopeptides incorporating proline and hydroxyproline. Biopolymers. [ Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt ] . 1988 Feb ; 27 ( 2 ) :299-312. 11. Muscara MN, McKnight W, Asfaha S, Wallace JL. Wound collagen deposition in rats: effects of an NO-NSAID and a selective COX-2 inhibitor. Br J Pharmacol. [ Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt ] . 2000 Feb ; 129 ( 4 ) :681-6. 12. Futagami A, Ishizaki M, Fukuda Y, Kawana S, Yamanaka N, Futagami A, et Al. Wound mending involves initiation of cyclooxygenase-2 look in rat tegument. Lab Invest2002 Nov ; 82 ( 11 ) :1503-13. 3. Muller-Decker K, Hirschner W, Marks F, Furstenberger G, Muller-Decker K, Hirschner W, et Al. The effects of Cox isozyme suppression on incisional lesion healing in mouse tegument. J Invest Dermatol. [ Research Support, Non-U.S. Govt ] . 2002 Nov ; 119 ( 5 ) :1189-95. Steroids Essays Steroids Essay Steroids Essay There is a huge national concern over the misuse and abuse of anabolic steroids for enhancement of muscular stature and performance among competitive athletes.   Latest estimates have shown that approximately 5% of all high school students have used anabolic steroids, with almost half of the high students believing that these drugs are not harmful to their health.   Drug enforcement legislations have included anabolic steroids in its list of traffic-controlled substances (21 USC Sec. 801 1/22/02; Schedule III).   However, the bigger picture of the medical and research benefits of anabolic drugs have been overlooked due to the sensationalize media coverage of these drugs.   Current scientific researches are still inconclusive on whether anabolic steroids are extremely unsafe for administration, opposite to what has been actively claimed by anti-drug officials and government authorities.The Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1990 (ASCA) was established to r egulate the distribution of anabolic steroids in the United States.   The Drug Enforcement Administration of the U.S. Department of Justice has been mandated to implement measures to protect the people from these dangerous drugs.   A four-part definition of anabolic steroids serves as a blueprint to identify any analogues of the chemical substance that may be uncontrollably dispensed to athletes and other youths.   The definition included substances that are chemically and pharmacologically similar to testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, as well as a very close likeness in its enhancement for muscle growth.   The Act classified anabolic steroids in the same category as barbiturates and LSD precursors and claim that these substances result in dangerous effects to the human body.   The Act declares that any individual caught in the possession of these anabolic steroids will be arrested and prosecuted.   The list of anabolic steroids in the Act is continuously being update d, as new versions of these drugs are progressively being created through the years.Anabolic androgenic steroids are testosterone derivatives that are mainly used for muscle and performance enhancement.   These drugs are frequently used by competitive athletes in order to achieve an edge or better control of their physical strength and performance during professional sports games.   Retrospective surveys indicated that anabolic steroids have been used since the 1960s to date (Duchaine, 1983), with current national user rates ranging from 3% to 9% among high school students alone.   The exact effect of anabolic steroids in the developing human body has not been fully studied, and the increase in number of reports of teenage athletes committing suicide has called the attention of the legislation to assess and review drug enforcement laws covering this specific drug.It has been reported that the prolonged use of anabolic steroids have may cause a number of adverse effects to the human body, including liver damage, gynecomastia, atherogenesis, psychiatric disorders such as aggression and violence, and even death (Balbigian, 2001; Brower, 2002; Glazer, 1991; Pope and Katz, 1990; Malone et al. 1995).   Investigations on the nationwide use of anabolic steroids have prompted Congress to establish the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1990, which mainly indicates that the non-medical employment of anabolic steroids is punishable by law.   Any violations will be penalized by at least 15 days to 5 years imprisonment and/or $1,000 to $1,000,000 fine, depending on the extent of the violation.   So far, the general public has supported the Anabolic Steroid Control Act, mostly due to the massive and militant media coverage of the topic.The Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1990 classified anabolic steroids as any drug or substance related to testosterone and used for muscle growth increase.   They are Schedule III of controlled substances.   The Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 2004 amendment added hormone precursors such as androstenedione and androstenediol as controlled substances without a prescription.   Most anabolic steroids used in the United States come through the black market from other countries.   Even though sources may state the steroids are made by pharmacists and physicians, no one actually knows who produced them or how they were produced.  Ã‚   Some were produced in non-sterile environments while others may be for the use of animals but sold for human use.   Production of steroids sold illegally may have substitutions or other problems which can cause the contents to be dangerous even lethal.   Many sold via the internet are fake steroids which have contained cooking oil or toxic substances that produced methanol and/or blood poisoning.   Incorrect packaged doses and tampering of the product can also be suspected.   Since some users use more than one steroid at a time, dangers of consuming bad substances is increased.   You dont know how some of those ingredients will react together.Some research indicates anabolic steroid use may lead users to other illegal and/or legal drugs to counteract some of the side effects, especially for insomnia.   There is a limited amount of research and studies in this area.   A list of possible physical and psychological side-effects of anabolic steroid use has been reported.   These include coronary heart disease, which specifically increases the thickness and enlargement of the left ventricle.   Another side-effect is the decreased size of the user’s testicles, as well as the experience of immunodeficiencies.   The athlete who has taken anabolic steroids will also feel invincible and will actually show an aggressive behavior.   It has been reported the Hitler historically used anabolic steroids during World War II in order to increase his aggressiveness towards his troops.   In terms of damage to human health, anabolic steroids d estroy the liver as well as transform connective tissues to a condition that these are easily injured or torn.Adolescents taking anabolic steroids have been reported to show stunted growth and suffer from blood clots and insomnia or unusual sleep patterns.   In terms of the effects of anabolic steroid on an individual’s blood chemistry, there are reported that a user will experience an elevated LDL cholesterol level as well as a lowering of HDL cholesterol level.   Interestingly, adults taking anabolic steroids experience moderate to severe acne because anabolic steroids influence changes in his endocrine system.   An anabolic steroid user also faces the chance of acquiring prostate cancer at an earlier age.   Certain male anabolic steroid users observe that their breasts start developing and some users experience temporary to permanent infertility.   Other users have stimulated appetites, psychoses and mood swings.   Increasing the dosage and combining steroids a lso increases risks of possible side effects.   Some side effects can be reversed after stoppage of steroid use and other effects cannot be reversed.   It should be noted that the results of side effects may take months or years before they are apparent even after the individual has stopped using them.   Recent evidence indicates withdrawal symptoms occur in long-term users who stop using anabolic steroids.However, the actual negative effects of the use of anabolic steroidal drugs have not been comprehensively investigated to date, and that the reports that have been disclosed in the media have been isolated cases picked out from millions of cases of teenage users around the United States.   Scientifically, the adverse effects from the prolonged use of anabolic steroids remain inconclusive to date, and in actuality, anabolic steroid use has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of medical disorders.   In one report, it has lately been determined that the effect of an anabolic steroid to the treatment of weight loss in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is equivalently effective and safe as compared to the commonly administered recombinant growth hormone that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (Storer et al. 2005).   In another scenario, the administration of an anabolic steroid has been beneficial in prostate cancer patients by preventing further migration of prostate cancer cells to other parts of the body (Guerini et al. 2005).   The anabolic steroid oxandrolone has been successfully used in the treatment of muscle loss in patients diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and may be a potential powerful candidate for general treatment of such types of patients (Balagopal et al. 2006).Scientific research shows that anabolic steroids provide more beneficial effects than what has been claimed by legislation as serious, adverse effects to the human body.   More so, the negative reports that have asso ciated with the use of anabolic steroids have not been investigated scientifically and have only achieved much attention through the help of media and press coverage.   Therefore, it is imperative that the legislative bodies review the restrictions associated with the Anabolic Steroid Control Act of 1990 and fully determine the actual effects of anabolic steroid intake.   It is regretful to know that there are other drugs and activities that are much more deleterious or harmful to people but are not actively controlled by the Senate, including smoking, cosmetic surgery and over-the-counter drugs such as aspirin and ibuprofen, which has caused even more cases of deaths and hospitalizations that anabolic steroids.Based on the above information on the current status, knowledge and use of anabolic steroids, several advocacy groups have proposed that anabolic steroids be legalized for use in the United States.   In turn, these groups emphasize the need for further scientific resear ch to determine the mechanisms of action of each type of anabolic drug to gain a better understanding of its indications and contraindications.   There should be a comprehensive survey on the frequency of use of anabolic steroids across the human population, with stratified categories of users such as teenage athletes, geriatric patients, cancer patients, and so on.   Any cases that report any adverse effect from use of anabolic steroids should be properly documented and analyzed.   Should there be sufficient reason that anabolic steroids be stopped from circulation in the community, these advocacy groups are willing to review these effects once significant information has been gathered from reliable reports.;